The Daily Venus


Friday 18 September 2026

Front page

Bank of Japan raises rates to 1.25%, closing a week in which the world's central banks turned hawkish

The Bank of Japan raised its policy rate this morning by a quarter of a percentage point, taking the uncollateralised overnight call rate to around 1.25% from 1%. The Policy Board split 7–2. Toichiro Asada dissented on the grounds that consumer prices index (CPI) inflation excluding fresh food has recently been below 2% and the economy could not necessarily be called strong; Ayano Sato dissented because, in her view, economic and price developments had not substantially accelerated. The new guideline takes effect on 24 September.

It is the third central bank decision in three days and the second increase. On Wednesday the Federal Reserve raised its target range for the federal funds rate by a quarter point to 3.75%–4.00% on a unanimous 12–0 vote — its first increase since 2023 — and on Thursday the Bank of England held Bank Rate at 3.75% with three of nine members voting to raise. All three pointed at the same cause. The Bank of Japan's statement cites "the situation in the Middle East", the expansion in artificial intelligence (AI) related demand and the exchange rate as the risks it is watching, and warns that underlying CPI inflation may "deviate upward to a level above the price stability target of 2 percent".

The Bank said it will "continue to raise the policy interest rate" as conditions allow. Markets read the two dissents as a softening: the Nikkei 225 closed 1.38% higher at 65,686 and the yen weakened past 157 to the dollar, moving about 1.2% against it on the day.

Sources: Bank of Japan, Change in the Guideline for Money Market Operations, 18 September 2026 · Federal Reserve implementation note, 16 September 2026 · Bank of England Monetary Policy Summary, 17 September 2026 · Trading Economics

ConfidenceThe rate decisions and vote splits are taken from each central bank's own published statement, including the named dissents, so the core facts are firm. The index and currency levels are from a market data aggregator rather than an exchange and should be treated as approximate.

RelevanceThree of the four rate-setting bodies that price the assets Felix watches moved or signalled in the same week, and they moved in the direction that makes borrowing and equity risk more expensive rather than less.

ImportanceGenuinely large. A Federal Reserve hike after three years of cuts and holds is a regime change, not a data point, and the Bank of Japan tightening into it removes the cheapest funding currency in the world by degrees. The coverage is, if anything, understating it.

EffectsHigher policy rates slow investment across the board, including the energy transition capital that a high oil price would otherwise have accelerated. For Felix: mortgage and rent pricing in London stays under upward pressure into 2027, and the cost of capital for the kind of company that hires forward-deployed engineers rises. If he holds Japanese or global equity exposure, the yen leg of it just moved against him.

Tanker struck in the Strait of Hormuz as oil falls for a third day on Saudi pipeline repairs

Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) said today that its naval forces had struck the Togo-flagged oil tanker Trend in the Strait of Hormuz, and that the vessel caught fire and came to a halt. The IRGC's statement, carried by its Sepah News outlet and relayed by Iranian and Chinese state agencies, claimed the ship had attempted to transit the strait illegally. There is no independent confirmation of the vessel's condition or of casualties.

Oil moved the other way. Brent crude fell 1.5% to about $103 a barrel, a third consecutive decline, as Saudi Arabia worked to restore the East–West crude oil pipeline. The 1,200km line, which runs from the Abqaiq fields to the Red Sea port of Yanbu and exists precisely so that Saudi crude can bypass Hormuz, was shut on 11 September after a drone attack on a pumping station launched from Maysan province in southern Iraq. No group claimed responsibility. It had been carrying 4–5 million barrels per day. Bloomberg reported on Tuesday that Saudi Arabia is trying to return roughly half that capacity within days and all of it within about six weeks.

The cost of moving anything through the region has not come down with the oil price. Maersk has imposed an emergency charge of $1,800 per 20ft container and $3,000 per 40ft container on upper Gulf cargo, rising to $3,800 for refrigerated, special and dangerous goods, with a further $1,000 per container on any vessel that transits the strait — a fee the carrier says covers insurance premiums and crew risk compensation. Transit counts are a fraction of normal: Reuters counted seven vessels through the strait on one day last week against a ten-day average of fourteen.

Sources: Wikipedia current events, 18 September 2026 · SBS News · Trading Economics · Al Jazeera · Bloomberg · WorldCargo News

ConfidenceWeakest of today's front page. The attack on the Trend rests on an IRGC claim relayed through state media — that is a belligerent's account of its own action, not a verified fact, and the ship's condition is unconfirmed. Reported transit counts through the strait vary widely between sources and baselines, so treat any single figure as indicative. The pipeline shutdown, the Maersk tariff and the oil price are solidly sourced.

RelevanceShipping and logistics is a standing interest, and this is the clearest live example available of a chokepoint repricing an entire supply chain in real time.

ImportanceHigh, and structurally more important than the daily oil print suggests. The oil price is falling on a repair timetable; the freight and insurance costs are not, because they price the risk of the next attack rather than the last one. That gap is where the durable economic damage sits.

EffectsA sustained war premium on Gulf freight raises the landed cost of a wide range of goods and pushes carriers onto longer routes, with the fuel burn that implies. For Felix, the direct effect is the pump price and the airfare; the indirect one is that this is the shock now driving the interest rate decisions above.

UK inflation reaches 3.1% and the Bank of England warns of 4% next year, as three members break for a rise

The Office for National Statistics (ONS) reported on Wednesday that CPI inflation rose to 3.1% in the twelve months to August, up from 2.9% in July. CPI including owner occupiers' housing costs reached 3.3%. The increase was almost entirely fuel: petrol rose 9.1 pence a litre and diesel 14.2 pence a litre within the month, taking annual motor fuel inflation to 23.0% from 15.5%. Core CPI was unchanged at 2.6% and services inflation unchanged at 3.4% — the domestic economy has not yet caught the shock.

The Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) held Bank Rate at 3.75% on Thursday by six votes to three. Andrew Bailey, Sarah Breeden, Swati Dhingra, Clare Lombardelli, Dave Ramsden and Alan Taylor voted to hold; Megan Greene, Catherine Mann and Huw Pill voted to raise to 4%. The Committee said inflation "is likely to rise further over coming quarters", on a path that could reach slightly above 4% in the first quarter of 2027, judged the risks to that outlook tilted to the upside, and said the risk of second-round effects in wage-setting has increased since July.

This morning's retail sales figures gave the hawks something to work with. Volumes rose 0.5% in August after a 0.5% fall in July, and were 2.4% higher than a year earlier, with the online share of sales up from 28.4% to 28.8%. Fuel sales fell as drivers adjusted to the price. The ten-year gilt yield rose about four basis points to 5.28%.

Sources: ONS, Consumer price inflation, August 2026 · Bank of England, Monetary Policy Summary, 17 September 2026 · ONS, Retail sales, August 2026 · Trading Economics

ConfidenceStrong. Both statistical releases and the MPC vote come from the publishing institutions directly, including the named votes. Only the gilt yield is from a secondary aggregator.

RelevanceThis is the beat that sets the price of living and working in London, and it is the one story here that will show up in Felix's own outgoings rather than in a chart.

ImportanceHigh, and under-covered relative to the Federal Reserve. The detail that matters is that core and services inflation have not moved: this is still an imported energy shock rather than a domestic wage-price spiral. If that changes in the next two prints, the November meeting raises rates.

EffectsRising fuel costs are regressive and fall hardest outside the cities with good public transport. Environmentally, a sustained high pump price does more to suppress driving than most policy, though by the bluntest possible means. For Felix: any tracker or fixed-rate rollover in the next year should now be planned around a 4% Bank Rate rather than 3.75%, and a London salary negotiated this autumn is being negotiated against a 4% inflation forecast, not a 3% one.

Fintech

Revolut confirms it is weighing a dual listing in London and New York

Nik Storonsky, Revolut's founder and chief executive, told the French newspaper Les Echos on Thursday that the company is considering listing simultaneously on the London Stock Exchange and Nasdaq. It is the first time Revolut has confirmed that a dual listing is under consideration, having previously been read as leaning entirely towards New York; in 2024 Storonsky said London's market could not compete with the US.

His preference has not changed much. "It's a larger market. It includes institutional investors, hedge funds, fund managers," he said of the US, arguing that a deeper pool of buyers would compete harder for the shares. Revolut was valued at $115bn in a secondary share sale in July, up from $75bn in November 2025. Storonsky suggested in April that a float could come within about two years; nothing announced this week changes that timing.

Sources: RTÉ · PYMNTS

ConfidenceReasonable but second-hand. This is one executive's remark in a single newspaper interview, reported onward by wire services; it is not a company announcement, a filing, or a commitment, and no bank, timetable or structure has been named.

RelevanceA London-headquartered fintech company at this scale choosing a venue is a direct read on whether the UK can still hold the companies it grows — which bears on where the interesting engineering jobs sit.

ImportanceModerate today, large if it happens. The London Stock Exchange has lost a run of listings, and Revolut would be the single largest counter-example available. But "considering a dual listing" is a long way from filing one, and saying so publicly costs Storonsky nothing while improving his negotiating position with both exchanges.

EffectsLittle direct effect on Felix beyond the signal. If Revolut does list partly in London it strengthens the case for the UK's technology labour market over a two-to-three year horizon; if it goes to New York alone, the gravitational pull on senior engineering roles continues in the other direction.

Ryft raises £20m in the UK's largest payments Series B of the year

Ryft, a Manchester payments infrastructure company, has raised £20m in a Series B round led by Gresham House Ventures, with Pembroke VCT and Ingenii Capital participating. The company builds payment handling for businesses with complicated money flows — marketplaces, platforms and multi-location operators — covering split payments, recurring billing, seller onboarding and cross-border payouts. It says the money is for expansion into Europe and the United States and for larger enterprise accounts. "This round of investment means we can take what we've built in the UK into new European markets and compete on the global stage," said chief executive Sadra Hosseini.

The round stands out mostly because of what is around it. On KPMG's figures, UK fintech investment in the first half of 2026 was £1.8bn, down from £5bn in the same period of 2025, across 205 deals against 281 — the lowest deal count in a decade.

Source: Tech Startups, 17 September 2026

ConfidenceModerate. The round itself is a company announcement reported through a startup news aggregator rather than verified independently here; the "largest UK payments Series B of 2026" claim is the reporting outlet's, not an audited ranking. The KPMG market figures are attributed and plausible but second-hand.

RelevancePayments infrastructure is close to the kind of product engineering Felix does independently, and the funding environment around it is the environment any side project raises into.

ImportanceLow as an individual deal — £20m is unremarkable. The context around it matters more: a two-thirds fall in UK fintech funding year on year is the actual story, and this round is the illustration.

EffectsNegligible for society. For Felix, the useful read is the funding collapse rather than the raise: independent software products are being financed on revenue rather than on venture capital this year, and plans should assume that continues.

Technology

iPhone 18 Pro goes on sale today

Apple's iPhone 18 Pro and 18 Pro Max reach shops today, with pre-orders having opened on 12 September. The headline component is the A20 Pro, which Apple presents as the first smartphone processor built on a 2 nanometre process; both models add a variable aperture camera. The Apple Watch Series 12, Watch Ultra 4 and AirPods 5 also go on sale today. The foldable iPhone Duo announced at the same event does not: pre-orders open on 16 October, with the device arriving on 23 October. iOS 27 was released on 14 September.

Reporting on the launch points to a $100 increase in the Pro's base price, with larger increases on higher storage tiers, and to delivery estimates for new orders slipping into October within days of pre-orders opening.

Sources: MacRumors event recap · MacRumors release schedule

ConfidenceThe dates and the product line-up come from Apple's own announcements as reported by a specialist outlet and are reliable. The pricing change and the delivery slippage are reporting rather than Apple statements, and the "first 2nm" claim is a manufacturer claim about a process node, which is a marketing term as much as a physical one.

RelevanceLow. This is a consumer hardware refresh on a predictable annual cycle.

ImportanceLow in itself, but the A20 Pro is worth noting: leading-edge process capacity is the binding constraint on the whole AI hardware chain, and a phone shipping on 2nm tells you what that capacity is being spent on.

EffectsAnnual flagship cycles carry a real materials and electronic waste cost. For Felix, essentially none unless he is buying — a device on this cycle is not a work decision.

Intel jumps 7.7% on unconfirmed reports of an SK Hynix tie-up

Intel closed 7.67% higher on Thursday following reports of a possible manufacturing arrangement with the South Korean memory maker SK Hynix. SK Hynix issued a statement saying nothing has been finalised. The stock rose anyway, helped by analyst upgrades: Tigress Financial raised its price target to $145 from $118 and Northland moved the stock to Outperform with a $120 target. The move pulled the sector with it — Advanced Micro Devices closed up 6.36%, Nvidia about 2.5% and Qualcomm 2.09%.

Sources: The Motley Fool · MarketBeat

ConfidenceThe price move is a matter of record. The reason for it is not. The underlying deal is a press report that one of the two named parties has explicitly declined to confirm, which makes this a rumour with a share price attached rather than a transaction.

RelevanceSemiconductor supply is upstream of every tool Felix uses, and Intel's foundry strategy is the main variable in whether leading-edge capacity outside Taiwan becomes real.

ImportanceLow as reported, potentially high as a fact. An 8% single-day move on an unconfirmed report is a statement about positioning in the stock, not about Intel's business. Treat the move as information about the market, not about the company.

EffectsNo meaningful effect on Felix beyond any direct semiconductor exposure, where this is a reminder that the sector currently reprices on reports rather than results.

Artificial intelligence (AI)

OpenAI confirms weeks of safety talks with Anthropic and Google DeepMind

Chris Lehane, OpenAI's global policy chief, confirmed on Tuesday that OpenAI, Anthropic and Google DeepMind have been in talks for several weeks on AI safety. The Information reported that the three are working towards a standards body for the industry. The shape of the idea traces to Demis Hassabis, who called in July for a body to act as an AI watchdog with the power to examine advanced models. Lehane said the companies do not need a government waiver to coordinate on safety. Anthropic and Google have not commented.

The confirmation follows an essay published on Saturday by Anthropic's chief executive Dario Amodei arguing that the industry should work together to slow the pace of frontier development.

Source: TechCrunch, 15 September 2026

ConfidenceMixed, and worth separating. That talks are happening is confirmed on the record by a named OpenAI executive. That they are aimed at a standards body is reporting by The Information which the companies have not confirmed; two of the three named parties have said nothing at all.

RelevanceDirectly. If a private standards body emerges, its rules become part of the compliance surface of every AI product Felix builds or deploys, well before any statute does.

ImportancePotentially significant, but the coverage is running ahead of the substance. Three competitors agreeing to talk is not governance, and a body constituted by the three largest incumbents has an obvious second function as a barrier to entry regardless of anyone's intentions. Judge it on what it is empowered to refuse, not on what it is called.

EffectsSelf-regulation that works displaces slower statutory regulation; self-regulation that does not delays it. For Felix, the near-term effect is on procurement: enterprise customers in a forward-deployed context will start asking which voluntary standard a system conforms to, and that question will need an answer.

Canada and Germany put public money behind Bengio's non-profit

Canada is investing C$150m in LawZero, the Montreal non-profit founded and scientifically led by Yoshua Bengio, and Germany is adding €100m. The announcement was made on Wednesday at the ALL IN conference in Montreal by Canada's AI minister Evan Solomon and Germany's federal digital minister Karsten Wildberger. Germany's contribution is subject to notification to the European Commission and will fund work at a new LawZero office there.

LawZero is building Scientist AI, a system designed to reason transparently and produce evidence-based outputs without goals of its own — an explicitly non-agentic approach intended to be used to oversee other AI systems. The Canadian money runs through the Strategic Response Fund and is tied to 360 full-time jobs and to sovereign computing infrastructure built with the Canadian firms Hypertec and 5C. "This project pursues a novel, mathematically grounded approach: to develop an inherently safe AI," Wildberger said. Bengio said that "safety is itself a core capability".

Source: Government of Canada, 16 September 2026

ConfidenceHigh on the facts, which come from the Canadian government's own announcement with both ministers and Bengio quoted. What the money buys is unproven: Scientist AI is a research programme, not a product, and no results are being claimed.

RelevanceA non-agentic model built specifically to check other models is a tool Felix could plausibly end up using, and it is a different bet from the one the frontier labs are making.

ImportanceModerate. The sums are small against the compute commitments the private labs have signed this year, and the job and sovereignty conditions attached suggest industrial policy sits alongside the safety argument. The significance is that two governments have now funded an alternative technical direction rather than only regulating the dominant one.

EffectsIf verification tooling matures it lowers the cost of deploying AI in regulated settings, which is where most of the useful applications are. For Felix, that is the relevant part: the bottleneck in forward-deployed work is usually assurance, not capability.

Automation and robotics

D-Robotics raises $400m to supply the chips other robot makers build on

D-Robotics has raised $400m in a Series C round led by Mirae Asset, with Meituan, Hefei State-owned Capital Investment and Nanshan Zhixin Investment among the participants. The company does not build robots; it sells the computing chips and development infrastructure that robotics companies build on. It reports cumulative shipments of its Sunrise chips above 8 million units, and says its S600 processor has been adopted by more than 20 robotics firms including UBTECH, Fourier and Astribot. The money is earmarked for widening the chip range and for a software platform spanning data collection, model training, simulation, verification and deployment.

Source: Tech Startups, 17 September 2026

ConfidenceWeak to moderate. Everything here originates with the company and reaches us through a funding-news aggregator. The shipment and adoption numbers are unaudited company claims and no valuation was disclosed.

RelevanceLimited directly, but picks-and-shovels positions in a hyped sector are usually the more informative ones to watch.

ImportanceModerate. The interesting detail is the strategy, not the sum: capital is going to the layer underneath humanoid robotics rather than to another humanoid. That is what a sector looks like when it starts to industrialise, and it is also what it looks like when investors have lost patience with demonstrations.

EffectsCheaper robotics compute eventually means cheaper automation of physical work, with the labour displacement that implies, but on a decade horizon rather than this one. No effect on Felix.

The rest of the beat was quiet. No significant deployment, product or policy announcements were verifiable from reputable sources in the last twenty-four hours.

Physics, astronomy and astrophysics

Astronomers confirm the youngest planet yet found, and it should not exist

A team led by Andrea Bernardi of the Universidad Diego Portales in Chile has confirmed a Jupiter-mass planet less than a million years old, orbiting the young star Elias 2-24 about 450 light years from Earth. The planet, Elias 2-24 b, sits 55 times further from its star than Earth is from the Sun, and is still embedded in the disc of gas and dust it formed from. The work was published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters on Wednesday, combining direct imaging from the W. M. Keck Observatory's coronagraph in Hawaii with data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope, both in Chile.

The problem is the timetable. Standard models need roughly five million years to assemble a Jupiter at Jupiter's distance, and longer further out. "Our planet-formation models already struggled to explain the previous record holders for the youngest known planet," said Lucas Cieza of the Instituto de Estudios Astrofísicos, referring to a four-way tie between two planets at PDS 70 and two at WISPIT 2, all more than five million years old. "Elias 2-24 b shows us that even our best planet-formation models are still missing some important processes."

Source: NASA Science

ConfidenceHigh. This is peer-reviewed work in a established journal, reported by NASA, resting on three independent instruments and an archival detection. The age estimate carries the usual uncertainty attached to dating very young stellar systems, and that is where any revision would come from.

RelevanceNone professionally. It is here because it is the most interesting verified thing published this week.

ImportanceReal but narrow. A single object that forms five times faster than the models allow does not overturn planet formation theory, but it does constrain it, and the previous record was beaten by a factor of five rather than shaved.

EffectsNone on society, the environment or Felix. Worth ten minutes of his attention anyway.

Stock markets

Wall Street recovers the Federal Reserve's hit in a session

American equities fell on Wednesday when the Federal Reserve raised rates and recovered most of it on Thursday. The Standard & Poor's 500 (S&P 500) fell 0.45% to 7,551.81 on the day of the decision, with the Dow Jones Industrial Average down 1.21% and energy the worst sector at −3%. On Thursday the S&P 500 rose 1.14% to 7,637.71, the Nasdaq Composite 1.69% to 26,418.30 and the Dow 0.62% to 51,779.85, led by semiconductors.

The bond market is doing the more interesting work. The ten-year Treasury yield closed above 5% after the Federal Reserve decision, then slipped about seven basis points to 4.934% on Thursday as oil fell. The Federal Reserve's own projections, published alongside the decision, now put the median federal funds rate at 4.1% at the end of 2026 — a full quarter point above the June projection and implying one more increase this year — and hold it at 4.1% through 2027. Median personal consumption expenditures (PCE) inflation for 2026 was revised up to 3.7%.

London went the other way this morning. The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 (FTSE 100) was down 0.60% at 10,751.74 shortly after 09:15, having closed at 10,816.14 on Thursday.

Sources: Investrade market review, 17 September 2026 · Yahoo Finance · Federal Reserve, Summary of Economic Projections, 16 September 2026 · London Stock Exchange

ConfidenceThe Federal Reserve projections are primary and exact. The index closes are cross-checked across two independent sources and reconcile arithmetically against the prior session. The FTSE 100 figure is the exchange's own, delayed by at least fifteen minutes.

RelevanceFelix follows markets, and this is the week the direction of rates changed.

ImportanceThe equity move is noise; the projections are not. A committee that has pencilled in another rise this year and no cuts at all in 2027 is telling investors the discount rate is not coming back down on the old schedule, and that matters far more to long-duration assets than a one-day bounce.

EffectsFor Felix: if he holds index exposure, this week was roughly flat and the signal to take from it is the 2027 path, not the daily moves. A ten-year Treasury oscillating around 5% is the first time in years that cash and bonds have been a serious alternative to equity risk.

World sport

Brighton come from two down at Old Trafford as the Carabao Cup third round completes

Manchester United led Brighton & Hove Albion 2–0 inside ten minutes on Wednesday and lost 3–2. Shea Lacey scored in the eighth minute on his first start for the club and Mason Mount added a second two minutes later. Charalampos Kostoulas pulled one back in first-half stoppage time, and Pascal Groß and Maxim De Cuyper scored within four minutes of each other just after the hour to put Michael Carrick's side out at the first attempt.

Elsewhere in the round, Liverpool beat Tottenham Hotspur 3–1 at Anfield on Tuesday, Arsenal won 4–2 at Ipswich Town and Fulham won 3–2 at West Ham United. Manchester City completed the round on Thursday with a 5–0 win over Norwich City.

Sources: Sky Sports · ESPN · GiveMeSport fixture list

ConfidenceThe Manchester United result and its scorers are confirmed by two independent outlets. The other results come from a single fixture table and have not been separately verified; the Manchester City scoreline in particular rests on one source.

RelevanceRecreational.

ImportanceNone beyond the competition. It is worth saying plainly that this was a quiet week in world sport: the football is early-season cup football, and the autumn's actual championships have not started yet.

EffectsNone.

The calendar restarts this weekend. The World Athletics Road Running Championships open in Copenhagen on 19 September with the 5km and the mile, and the half marathon follows on the 20th; the UCI Road World Championships begin in Montreal on 20 September with the time trials, running through to the elite road races on 26 and 27 September.

Markets

The instruments this issue's reporting bears on. Equity index closes are for Thursday 17 September unless stated; London, Tokyo and commodity levels are from this morning.

FTSE 10010,751.74  −0.60%

Giving back part of Thursday's gain as the Bank of England's warning on 2027 inflation and this morning's firmer retail sales pushed gilt yields up.

S&P 5007,637.71  +1.14%

Recovered Wednesday's Federal Reserve-day fall in a session, on falling oil and a retreat in Treasury yields rather than on anything the Federal Reserve said.

Nasdaq Composite26,418.30  +1.69%

Led by semiconductors, with Intel's move on the unconfirmed SK Hynix report doing a disproportionate share of the work.

Dow Jones Industrial Average51,779.85  +0.62%

The laggard of the three, having been the worst hit on Wednesday when energy and financial stocks took the Federal Reserve decision hardest.

Nikkei 22565,686  +1.38%

Rose despite the Bank of Japan's rate rise, which markets read as dovish given the two dissenting votes.

Intel+7.67%

Thursday's move, on a reported SK Hynix tie-up that SK Hynix says is not finalised, plus two analyst upgrades.

Brent crude$103.28  −1.47%

A third consecutive fall, on Saudi Arabia's timetable for restoring the East–West pipeline rather than on any easing of the conflict itself.

Gold$4,387.44  +1.06%

Higher as yields came off their post-Federal Reserve peak, holding its bid through a week of tightening by three central banks.

US 10-year Treasury yield4.934%  −6.9bp

Back below 5% after closing above it on the day of the Federal Reserve's increase, as the oil price fell.

UK 10-year gilt yield5.275%  +4.0bp

Rising on the Bank of England's upside-risk language and this morning's retail sales beat — the market is pricing the three dissenters, not the six.

GBP/USD1.3369  +0.07%

Flat near its weakest level since late July: a hold from the Bank of England against a rise from the Federal Reserve narrows the rate differential in the dollar's favour.

USD/JPY157.77  +1.15%

The yen weakened after its own central bank raised rates, on the view that Japan is tightening more slowly than the Federal Reserve now intends to.

Market levels from the London Stock Exchange, Investrade and Trading Economics. Aggregator quotes are indicative and may be delayed.